DC Microgrid for DC Home Installed at VIT Chennai by Ecosense

DC Microgrid for DC Home Installed at VIT Chennai by Ecosense

Ecosense Sustainable Solutions has set up a state-of-the-art DC Microgrid Lab at VIT Chennai’s School of Electrical Engineering, empowering students and researchers with access to next-generation DC microgrid systems. The lab focuses on clean energy generation, battery-integrated systems, and real-time intelligent control—laying the foundation for a sustainable and resilient energy future.

Pioneering Sustainable Energy Education with DC Microgrids

The DC Microgrid Lab, conceptualized and installed by Ecosense Sustainable Solutions, is a strategic step toward embedding real-world sustainable energy systems within academic institutions. Unlike traditional AC-based setups, the IDEA Lab adopts a completely DC architecture, optimizing energy efficiency and simplifying system design.

With the global shift toward distributed energy resources and smart grids, this lab prepares students for the practical challenges and innovations of modern energy systems. It supports hands-on experiments in solar energy utilization, intelligent energy flow, and demand-side management—building core competencies for careers in power systems, EV infrastructure, and sustainable engineering.

Overview of the DC Microgrid

At its core, the IDEA system is designed to demonstrate the viability and efficiency of a DC-based microgrid suited for residential or commercial deployment. It enables students to visualize and manipulate energy flow across solar generation, battery storage, and diverse DC loads.

Unlike AC systems that introduce losses due to frequent conversion, the IDEA architecture uses a single DC backbone, making it especially suitable for:

  • Low-voltage renewable energy environments
  • Remote and off-grid locations
  • Emerging smart DC home applications
  • Microgrids supporting energy autonomy

The lab is also equipped with a comprehensive control interface, enabling users to monitor system performance, test algorithms, and study real-time load-balancing strategies.

System Architecture and Energy Flow

The DC Microgrid Lab comprises a fully integrated energy system built around high-performance, application-specific hardware. The energy flow within the lab proceeds through the following key stages:

  • Solar Generation: A 11 kW solar PV array acts as the primary energy source. The DC output is regulated via a buck converter, reducing the voltage and feeding a stable 96 V DC link.
  • Battery Storage: A 72 V, 200 Ah LFP battery bank is interfaced with the system via a bidirectional converter, allowing energy storage during surplus generation and retrieval during low-sunlight conditions.
  • DC Load Delivery: Loads including DC fans, lights, resistive heaters, centrifugal pumps, and a motor-generator set are powered through another buck converter that steps voltage down to 48 V. Total connected DC load capacity is 5 kW.
  • Control and Monitoring: An FPGA-based LabVIEW control platform allows real-time monitoring, algorithm testing, and remote control of all components. Parameters like voltage, current, load behavior, and battery state are continuously tracked.

This arrangement allows users to study the dynamic interaction between generation, storage, and consumption, making the lab a living model of smart grid design.

DC Microgrid for DC Home Installed at VIT Chennai by Ecosense

High-Performance Hardware and Protection

To ensure long-term durability, safety, and accurate control, the IDEA Lab is equipped with high-grade components that mirror those used in industrial microgrid installations.

Key technologies include:

  • IGBT-based power converters (SKM300GB12T4) for high-efficiency switching at 10 kHz
  • Gate drivers (SKYPER42R) for responsive control
  • Sensors: Voltage: LV 20P and Current: LA100P
  • Control Algorithms: MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) for solar optimization, battery cycling logic, and real-time data-driven decision-making.
  • Safety Features: Overvoltage and undervoltage protection; Short-circuit protection; Thermal regulation with active cooling; Temperature sensing for battery and converter health

This combination ensures that the system remains stable, responsive, and protected under all operating conditions.

Experiential Learning and Interdisciplinary Research

The DC Microgrid Lab is not just a technical installation—it is a multi-functional educational platform that supports:

  • Project-Based Learning (PBL): Students across electrical, electronics, and energy disciplines engage in open-ended experiments and performance evaluations.
  • Smart Grid Simulations: Users can build and test microgrid scenarios, including grid-tied, off-grid, and hybrid models.
  • Cross-Department Collaboration: From embedded systems to data analytics and power systems engineering, the lab is an incubator for collaborative projects, papers, and patents.

Pathways for Further Research and Development

With a modular and scalable design, the IDEA Lab serves as a springboard for cutting-edge research. Opportunities include:

  • Advanced Storage Systems:
    Second-life EV battery integration
    Hybrid storage with supercapacitors
    Lifecycle optimization studies
  • Smart Load Management:
    Real-time optimization using IoT
    Forecast-based load scheduling
    Load prioritization in critical scenarios
  • Hybrid Renewable Systems:
    Wind and biomass integration
    Dynamic power sharing across sources
    Redundancy planning for reliability

DC Microgrid for DC Home Installed at VIT Chennai by Ecosense

Building a Sustainable and Resilient Energy Ecosystem

The successful commissioning of the IDEA Lab at VIT Chennai is a testament to the potential of academic-industry collaboration in tackling pressing energy challenges. It exemplifies how educational institutions can act as living laboratories for testing, validating, and teaching decentralized energy concepts.

By embedding intelligent energy systems in academic curricula, Ecosense and VIT are helping shape a generation of engineers equipped to lead India’s transition to clean, resilient, and equitable energy infrastructure.

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