Department of Electrical Engineering,
NIT Kurukshetra welcomed Remotely Operated and Controlled AC/DC Hybrid
Microgrid supplied and commissioned by Ecosense.
NIT Kurukshetra is one of the most sought-after
Engineering colleges in Haryana and is an Institute of National Importance.
A Microgrid is a localized group of electricity
sources and sinks (loads) that typically operates connected to and synchronous
with the traditional centralized grid (macro-grid), but can also disconnect and
maintain operation autonomously or go completely off-grid as per the
requirement.
To understand how a Microgrid works, you first have
to understand how the grid works.
The grid connects homes, businesses and other
buildings to central power sources, which allow us to use appliances,
heating/cooling systems and electronics. But this interconnectedness means that
when part of the grid needs to be repaired, everyone is affected. This is where
a Microgrid can help. A Microgrid generally operates while connected to the
grid, but importantly, it can break off and operate on its own using local
energy generation in times of crisis like storms or power outages, or for other
reasons.
A Microgrid can be powered by distributed
generators, batteries, and/or renewable resources like solar panels. Depending
on how it’s fuelled and how its requirements are managed, a Microgrid might run
indefinitely.
Ecosense’s Microgrid system is an experimental and
research system. It relies on three of the popular Renewable Energy sources
i.e.; Solar PV, Wind and Fuel Cell.
Instead of Actual wind turbine we are using Wind Turbine Emulator. Wind turbine emulator mimics the behaviour of wind turbine for hardware level simulations. This system has a DC motor coupled with the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator, speed of which is controlled as per the speed reference calculated by solving the mathematical model of wind turbine. Researcher can execute the mathematical models of their newly developed or modified wind turbine and can simulate the speed/power of profile of turbine on hardware environment directly for different wind speeds & pitch angle.
Similarly, instead of using Solar Panels we used
Solar PV Emulator. Solar PV Emulator mimics the behaviour of Solar PV Panels
for hardware level simulations. This system comprises of two DC Switch Mode
Power supplies which can be programmed by user to either behave like a solar
panel or a DC Power supply. User can select and program solar panels in the
range of 10 Wp - 1000 Wp per channel and configure them to work in Independent
or Parallel configurations to actualize a Solar PV Array. By virtue of its features,
it can be easily considered as a versatile Solar PV Array.
A 1 kW dry hydrogen-based fuel cell is also used as
one of the sources in the hybrid system.
WTE-PVE- Fuel Cell Hybrid with DC Microgrid system combines the outputs of Wind
Turbine emulator, PV Emulator and Fuel Cell at a common DC link which is
further connected to a three-legged programmable inverter to deliver the
combined power to an Actual Grid.
For Loading the microgrid a programmable three phase RLC load and Programmable DC Load developed by Ecosense is used.
As this is a grid connected microgrid, the load can
be supported by Microgrid when generation is higher or equal to the load and
supported by actual grid when generation is less than the load requirements.
Ecosense’s Microgrid system enables user to do
research in the field of Microgrid management, load side management, priority
allocation to renewable sources etc. Ecosense’s Microgrid is an open-source
system where a user can reprogram, rewire and revise the system to carry out
their research goals. All the sources are independent of each other and
research can also be carried out on each of the sources independently. Ecosense
provides source file based on LabVIEW platform which can be easily modified as
per the user’s liking. Ecosense appreciates and also provide an active support
to users carrying out their research.
After installation a 2- day master’s training is
conducted. This Masters training program was focused on educating and training
the professors and scholars and technicians in Microgrid Technology who will
further train thousands of students and professionals to start their career or
business in this very field.